Laughable Ratings and the Financial Crisis

In a blistering report, Kevin G. Hall claims that Moody’s decline in ratings quality was no accident. The article claims that bond issuers placed pressure on the ratings agencies to give favorable ratings and pushed all the ratings agencies to produce fanciful estimates of risk and rate junk investments as AAA.

The perverse system of bond issuers paying for ratings is such an obvious conflict of interest that it seems outlandish that so much attention is being paid to executive compensation while the incentive structure at ratings agencies is ignored. This right here is the heart of the financial crisis. People selling equities can be counted upon to be dishonest. It is in their best interest. The ratings agencies must have a financial incentive to make accurate ratings. The way things are done now, they only have an incentive to make favorable ones.

Will Iran mine the Strait of Hormuz?

While the talks with Iran about its nuclear program seem to be going well, it may be wise to consider the potential ramifications of a failure. They may be dire indeed.

The United States has promised that it will deliver ‘crippling’ sanctions against the Iranian regime if talks fail. Many believe that Israel is likely to attack directly if they feel that the actions of the US and allies do not go far enough. In such a case, we may face the real nuclear option in Iran.

As it stands now, Iran is unable to deliver a nuclear weapon. They are farther along than would make everyone comfortable but they do not yet pose a credible nuclear threat. The true nuclear option which Iran has hinted at is the mining of the Strait of Hormuz. About 90 percent of gulf oil exports travel through the strait and a disruption in shipping there would be devestating to world trade at a time when the economy is in a very fragile state.

Caitlin Talmadge has stated that such an action could shut down shipping out of the Persian Gulf for a month or more. The disruption to oil supplies in such a case would be substantial. An anlysis by Stratfor from July 2008 indicates that the mere hint of mines in the strait would send shipping insurance rates skyrocketing.

The United States has placed substantial military assets in the region and one presumes that they are looking particularly closely at any activity in the region. If Iran were to act, the US would almost certainly attack. The question is how fast the US could get control of the region and how quickly the oil markets could recover.

Hopefully, talks will go well and we won’t have to consider such a situation.

Does the Flu Vaccine Work?

The Atlantic is reporting that the flu vaccine is not all it’s cracked up to be. This is not anti-vaccination craziness and there is no wild eyed talk of autism here. In fact, there are some solid studies that indicate that the supposed effectiveness of flu vaccine can be explained by the healthier state of those who receive the vaccine. The difference in mortality between those who receive the vaccine and those who do not is far too large to be explained by the vaccine alone. It may be that the difference in mortality is merely the result of inherent differences between people who tend to get the vaccine and people who do not.

The only real way to tell for certain whether the vaccine is effective is to do a double-blind experiment but most scientists are unwilling to risk the lives of patients in the process. It may seem that continuing to vaccinate, at the least, does no harm but it seems that the billions spent on production and distribution of vaccine may be a serious misapplication of funds if the vaccine is useless.

500 Meters of Missing Road

People seem to have some unusual ways of killing each other.

Russian Dead Hand

Kubrick was more right than he knew. Wired has a disturbing article about the Russian doomsday machine intended to retaliate against a first strike from the US. Officially called Perimeter, it was unofficially called “Mertvaya Ruka”, the Dead Hand. Once activated, the system could launch a retaliatory strike against the US nearly automatically. It could be set off by a single worker sitting in an isolated bunker. It is still active. Even more here.

The Eternal Jew

In his capacity as the Reich Minister of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda, Joseph Goebbels produced some of the most horrifyingly anti-Semitic films ever made. To the modern viewer, they seem almost like parodies of racism. The films portray Jews as scheming parasites feeding on the hard work of the Aryan people through trickery and fraud. It seems like it would take a childlike mentality to fail to see through such obvious libel.

The fact is, the absurd racism portrayed in these films was a major cause of the horrors of the Holocaust. The Eternal Jew has been described as a blueprint for genocide. It is much easier to accept mass murder if you believe that the people being murdered are diabolical agents bent on world domination. It is important to remember such terrible films so we can avoid the same mistakes:

Stuck in the Rubber Room

The New Yorker offers a saddening look inside the rubber room. Rubber rooms are special relocation centers for teachers in New York City who have been deemed a danger to students in one way or another. Due to stringent union regulations, it takes months or years to fire the teachers. In the meantime, they are paid their full salary while the process grinds away. For an in person look at the occupants of the rubber room, see this episode of This American Life.

An Innocent Man Executed

The New Yorker has a tragic story of a factually innocent man executed in Texas in February 2004. Charged with the murder of his three children by arson, he maintained his innocence until his execution. Fire scientist Craig Beyler said that the methods used in the initial investigation were “characteristic of mystics or psychics.”

WWII Propaganda

Life magazine has a fascinating gallery of WWII propaganda posters. Some from both the Axis and the Allies. Very compelling viewing.

North Korean Supernotes

In a fascinating new article, Vanity Fair looks into the world of Office 39 in North Korea. This group works to find ways to close the yawning trade deficit created by sanctions imposed by the western world. North Korea’s trade deficit has grown to roughly 10 billion USD a year but sanctions seem to have little effect due to the work of Office 39.

That work involves a number of criminal enterprises including heroin and methamphetamine production and smuggling of counterfeit cigarettes. Even more notably, they seem to have perfected the art of forging US currency. The forged US notes are so accurate that, when sent to the Secret Service, agents could not tell they were fake. The value of forged US notes currently in circulation as a result remains a source of endless speculation but some say it could be as high as 2 billion USD. Laundered through places like Las Vegas casinos and a North Korean owned bank in Macao, these bills have already lead to a run on the dollar once in Taiwan.

Most amazingly, the Bush administration had an excellent program in place to track down these currency exchanges and trace things back to the North Korean leadership but they backed off on prosecutions at the last minute in an attempt to secure negotiations with North Korea over nuclear disarmament. With Office 39 still in operation, though, it seems that the threat of sanctions can hold little sway over North Korea. If we withhold US aid, they can generate their own aid on North Korean printing presses. It seems that we can’t legitimately threaten sanctions until Office 39 is stopped.

Thankfully, the Obama administration seems willing to take up the case again. The administration has sponsored a UN resolution that seeks to freeze North Korean assets and the investigation into counterfeit currency is ongoing. We would be fools to let this drop again.